Annual Macroeconomic Snapshot • 2020s • Disinflation & monetary policy recalibration
The Australian Economy in 2025
In 2025, Australia’s Estimated Resident Population stood at 27,790,263, real GDP growth averaged 2.0%, annual CPI inflation averaged 2.8% and the unemployment rate averaged 4.2%.
- • The RBA overnight/target cash rate ended 2025 at 3.60%, while 10-year Australian Government bond yields averaged 4.37%.
- • The Australian Dollar averaged US$0.6446 against the US Dollar during 2025.
- • Key macroeconomic milestone: Disinflation & monetary policy recalibration.
2025 Economic Indicators at a Glance
% p.a.
Rank #54 of 104 yrs
Inflation (CPI) in 2025
2.8% Long-run avg: 4.0%
-0.4 pp %
Rank #48 of 77 yrs
Unemployment Rate in 2025
4.2% Long-run avg: 4.8%
+0.2 pp % p.a.
Rank #62 of 77 yrs
Real GDP Growth in 2025
2.0% Long-run avg: 3.4%
+1.0 pp Persons
Rank #2 of 126 yrs
Population in 2025
27.79M Long-run avg: 12,689,752
+399,138 % p.a.
Rank #71 of 125 yrs
Population Growth in 2025
1.46% Long-run avg: 1.61%
-0.15 pp % p.a.
Rank #62 of 78 yrs
10-Year Bond Yield in 2025
4.37% Long-run avg: 6.63%
+0.16 pp % p.a.
Rank #40 of 51 yrs
RBA Cash Rate in 2025
3.60% Long-run avg: 6.48%
-0.75 pp US$ per A$1
Rank #63 of 67 yrs
AUD/USD Exchange Rate in 2025
US$0.6446 Long-run avg: US$0.8921
-0.0153 % of disposable income
Rank #41 of 68 yrs
Household Saving Ratio in 2025
6.5% Long-run avg: 9.0%
+2.4 pp % of GDP
Rank #16 of 68 yrs
Trade Balance (% GDP) in 2025
0.3% Long-run avg: -0.5%
-0.8 pp '000 dwellings / month
Rank #7 of 62 yrs
Dwelling Approvals in 2025
192.8k Long-run avg: 152.7
+23.3 % p.a.
Rank #12 of 29 yrs
Wage Growth (WPI) in 2025
3.4% Long-run avg: 3.1%
-0.3 pp 2025 in Context: Preceding & Following Years (2020–2026)
10-year window around 2025 showing how key indicators evolved before and after
Population →
Persons
Population Growth →
% p.a.