Population & Demographics
Understand how Australia grew from 3.8 million residents at Federation in 1901 to over 27 million today, tracking the interplay of natural increase, overseas migration cycles, fertility rates, and demographic ageing.
Australian Population (Estimated Resident Population) - Historical Series (1901–2026)
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All Population & Demographics Reference Series
Australian Population (Estimated Resident Population)
Total Estimated Resident Population (ERP) of Australia from Federation in 1901 to 2026.
Annual Population Growth Rate
Year-ended percentage growth in Australia’s Estimated Resident Population since 1902.
Net Overseas Migration (NOM)
Quarterly net overseas migrant arrivals minus departures across Australia (’000 persons).
Natural Population Increase (Births Minus Deaths)
Quarterly excess of registered births over deaths across Australia (’000 persons).
Australian Total Fertility Rate
Babies born per woman across Australia from 1975 to present.
Median Age of the Australian Population
Long-run structural ageing of the Australian population from 1971 to present.
Standardised Death Rate
Crude death rate per 1,000 population in Australia from 1971 to present.